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Update April 2020.

 

I wanted to do that text for a while but having the MiniDSP 4x10HD before, with only 8 analog channels, it was impossible for me to set a real 5 ways fully active system and my test were delayed until I bought the superb Lynx Aurora with 32 analog channels. Now with 5 real independents channels per side, I could really explore the super tweeter options and test several crossover points.

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After living with the Beyma CP21 in my system for 5 months now, I’ve decided to revert back to the Beyma CP22, partly out of curiosity, and partly out of testing. I believe the CP21 had ample time to “burn-in” and perform at its peak.

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Failed prior candidates included:

  • The T90A bullet from Fostex - Sub-par subjective sound

  • The Beyma TPL150 - Doesn’t go high enough and lacks efficiency

  • The Raal 70-10 - Not efficient enough and too laser focused. Move it 2 inch and the spark was gone.

  • B&C DE35 - Dropped like a rock above 17khz, but still reached 40khz flat like the Beyma but only with more equalization. That was disappointing, as I was excited by the neodymium magnet. But hey… magnet material isn’t everything. One can point to the DE35 magnetic flux of only 1.35 Tesla when compared to 1.55 Tesla for the Beyma. The Beyma magnets are 15% stronger, which may explain its superior performance. Perhaps this is just a coincidence.

  • Transducer Lab beryllium 28mm dome tweeter – This tweeter too can easily reach 40khz  with some equalization, but efficiency is too low to match my horn system.

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When I tested both Beyma super tweeters, the typical crossover point was somewhere between 10khz to 13.5khz, depending on the day. These crossover points seemed to be the best consensus online, and big 5 way speakers like the Cessaro Beethoven II use very high crossover points for their TAD ET-703 super tweeters. (12khz from unconfirmed research).

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Cessaro Beethoven, 5 ways, full horn loudspeaker system:
cesaro-beethoven-2-horn-loudspeakers.jpg

-Was I following the herd again?

-Was 10Khz to 13Khz range the optimal crossover point?

-Is the herd right?

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This 10khz and above crossover point is useful because it permits swapping with minimal correction to the DSP, as the CP22 has a big peak at 8-9khz and the CP21 has a null at 5.5khz. Using them lower than 10khz does lead to significant DSP difference, and equal "apple to apple" comparisons aren't easy because even a slight error in the DSP setting (EQ, gain, timing and phase) will influence the subjective result much much more than swapping the tweeter itself. Human ears are very sensitive to change in the 8khz to 12khz region. 

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It's worth considering the following:

  • Bullet tweeters are more efficient because they concentrate the energy in a narrow field, while slot tweeters disperse more widely, thus losing about 2 decibels in the process.

  • Most online reviews favor the CP21 slot tweeter over the CP22 bullet version, with bullets often being described as 'shouty" and aggressive.

  • Same general comments for the JBL bullet tweeter against its slot counterpart. Almost all online reviews and comments favor slot tweeters in HiFi, with bullets being used for PA systems.

  • Flagship vintage JBL products used slot tweeters, which should be enough of a clue for us to follow!

  • Vintage JBL flagships used passive crossovers.

uk-4341-d01.jpg

JBL 4341 monitor

Using the Slot tweeter

Yet, despite the "herd vote"… I digress. I much more prefer the bullet version in my system.

I would confidently state most subjective reviews as seriously flawed, because the vast majority of enthusiasm relies on passive crossovers. The 8-9khz frequency peak pf the CP22 would not be compensated in their "test", hence the bad sonic results and dismal reports.

If the bullet tweeter is being used at a crossover point of 5khz (too low) and the peak at 8-9Khz isn't corrected, the consequence would be awful sounding, and as a result, I understand the bad reviews.

Further, even 6khz on a 2nd order passive crossover (12db/oct) is way too low and too shallow curve for such a super tweeter, with distortion rapidly becoming an issue falsifying the subjective conclusions.

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Once again one can intelligently use a DSP to make the bullet tweeter version shine:

  • Frequency response is KING! One must use DSP’s to obtain flat responses. (per my usual DSP push...)

  • At 10Khz and above, I've found the wide dispersion of a slot tweeter isn't important. I don't notice any improvement in soundstage or envelopment feeling. Sweetspot didn't seem to grow in size. Sound is probably just absorbed by my acoustic panels scattered in the room. 

  • The 2db efficiency gain of the bullets over the slots is a big advantage.

  • After DSP correction, the bullet tweeter sounded significantly cleaner. Subjectively, I know its hard to point by any measurement curve to prove it. However, the multiple A/B/A/B tests I performed consistently "proved it" to me. 

  • Above 10khz, super tweeters are much cleaner than any 1" compression driver.

  • Super tweeters are optimized to play higher, and actually do perform better in the last octave. Compression drivers all have break-ups mode of some sort, usually between 13khz and 18 khz. They also beam significantly at these high frequencies.

  • Above 10khz, bullet tweeters vastly outperform compression drivers. No point even using a DSP to correct the mighty Celestion CDX1-1425. It simply can't keep up to the bullet. 

  • At 8khz, the efficiency gain of the CP22 is more like 4 or 5 decibels. This is an even bigger advantage. I've tried to harvest those gains by lowering the crossover point and do more testing.

  • Advantage of the CP22 tweeter diminishes as frequency drops. I've found that below 6.5khz (48db/oct slope), the Celestion CDX1-1425 on a JMLC horn takes the subjective lead over the CP22.

  • Many subjective tests prompted me to pick 8khz as the optimal crossover point between my CP22 and my 1" compression driver, while using 48db/oct crossovers slope for both.

  • I'm a happy camper at 8Khz, which is the best of both worlds for the CD/Bullet transition, and overall…the best subjective sound.

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Bonus :)

After I found that 8khz was the best transition for the CDX1-1425 to the CP22, I explored the Radian 950PB to the Celestion CDX1-1425 transition as well. When you're on a roll, you keep going!

  • I crossed the 950PB to the CDX1-1425 at 3.5Khz, resulting in the 950PB reproducing almost 3 octaves.

  • It now felt wasteful to have the CDX1-1425 only active on a tiny band (3.5Khz 8Khz, barely above 1 octave) while the 950PB was doing much of the heavy lifting (480hz - 3.5khz, stretching almost 3 octaves).

  • They used to share the work load more evenly, but the new 8khz crossover point changed all that.

  • It turned out that crossing them at 2.8khz (about the lowest the CDX1-1425 can go) was quite a subjective improvement!

  • I really love the extra clarity and cleanliness of the new settings. Grand piano test tracks are reproduced with much better accuracy.

  • Going back to 3.5Khz or higher crossover transition is now impossible.

  • Changing the CDX1-1425 to, let say a Radian 475PB, might yield benefit here as the 475PB could reach 2.4khz easy.

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Note my latest crossover point:

  • Radian 950PB on 340hz JMLC horn (480hz - 2.8khz)

  • Celestion CDX1-1425 on 2000hz JMLC horn (2.8khz - 8khz, would like it a tad lower but the 1425 limits are real)

  • Beyma CP22 on its conical horn (8khz and up)

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I can't understand people trying to make a system sound great while limiting themselves to 2 or 3 way speakers.

  • 2-way speakers are a waste of time, compromised all the way, with lack of everything.

  • 3-way speakers bring hope. But sacrifices and reality then kick in. One must improve the flaws. More ways are needed.

  • 4-way speakers barely touch it but you "feel" it’s entirely possible at first.

  • 5-way speakers on an active system, is really superior in every aspect. (except cost)

  • 6-way speakers, law of diminishing returns, seriously play a factor but it isn’t a dumb idea. One could use a rotary subwoofer for covering 2 to 18hertz! 

  • 7-way speakers and above…well… I see no added benefit.

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Back to the super tweeter. I'm always open to try other contenders but feel like those Beyma CP22 are a bargain and very hard to dislodge from the top, when used with adequate DSP setting. 

 

Some other candidates I have in mind are:

  • FaitalPRO FD371 - Very similar to the Beyma and can play lower and are relatively affordable.

  • TAD ET703 - Exotic and quite pricey and almost impossible to find, amazingly subjective reviews.

  • Ciare CT-440 - super well built, 110db, strong magnet, could be a CP22 slayer.

  • Selenium ST400 – Have very strong magnets with 111db efficiency, look exciting to me.

  • Selenium ST350 - Has a 50 degree horn, offering wider coverage than the ST400 and the CP22, not sure it is a real benefit.

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I may dive in and order the ST400 or the CT440. It could surpass the CP22. One can never tell.

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MTF

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